Heroin Use and Abuse essays

Heroin Use and Abuse essays Darren Aronofsky's film Requiem for a Dream follows the lives of 4 people, lost and isolated in their own worlds into the descending spiral of drug addiction. At first, their desire for the drug is a based on a desire to escape from the doldrums of everyday life. An elderly widow uses prescription pain killers in order to clam her nerves, but soon the psychokinetic effects are the focus of her desire, and she slips into a fantasy dream world. A pair of young lovers and their friend starts the journey seeking a bit of fun, which turns into a desire for power, and then an addiction to the ability to escape the devolving conditions of their lives into the drug induced dream. Unlike feel good endings of most of today's modern films, individual vignettes conclude the film, showing each of the four lived helplessly shipwrecked, somewhere in between reality and The effects of powerful drugs such as heroin, or cocaine on the lives of their users lead to self destruction. The powerful chemical interaction between the drugs and the normal neurological activity in the brain render the user unable to distinguish between reality and fantasy. The result of long term use is the tragic loss of an individual. In 1863 a German merchant named Friedrich Bayer (1825-76) set up a factory in Elberfeld to exploit new chemical procedures for making dyes from coal tar. German coal-tar dye manufacture expanded rapidly, but when price conventions and raw material availability deteriorated, the Bayer Company invested in scientific research to diversify its product range. In 1888, a new substance synthesized by Bayer chemists became the company's Synthetic medicines were something new. In the early years of the nineteenth century, medicines had been prepared using crude natural materials like opium, the dried milky substance derived from poppy seeds. A young German pharmacist called ...

How to Use Facebook Targeting to Optimize Your Audience In CoSchedule

How to Use Facebook Targeting to Optimize Your Audience In Why do we spend so much time researching target audiences? Because we want to make sure our messages reach the right people. Sometimes, though, social media makes it hard to reach just the people you want to talk to. On Facebook, however, theres an underused feature called audience targeting that makes this possible. Facebook audience optimization  allows you to customize which users will see your content, so that its more specific to that audience. In return, this will increase engagement for your Facebook posts with  targeted audiences. And targeting the right audience is crucial for success.  One of the biggest mistakes marketers make today is trying to appeal to everyone. You have to get the right content in front of the right people in order to convert. And thats why were excited to introduce Facebook Targeting for . What Is Facebook Targeting? Getting to know your audience is a crucial step for successful Facebook targeting. The overall idea of targeting is having more  people engage with your posts because the content matches their interests. These posts would start to appear in their news feeds more often due to their engagement. So it could result in a boost in organic reach over time. , your all-in-one content calendar and social media toolset, now  includes audience targeting for business Facebook pages. Within , we made sharing content with your audience more specific. You can now target any piece of Facebook content to an audience that YOU define. You can define your audience in nine ways: Age Gender Relationship Status Interested In Location Language Education Level College Graduation Years Interests Each of these nine categories will help you create a more clear-cut audience to ensure your content is seen by people who care. So the big questions is:  How can you create a target audience with these categories?   Weve put together a list of real-life situations where these categories could apply to your audience. Lets take a look. How To Use Facebook Targeting To Optimize Your Audience In 1. Age Within the  Age category, the ages range from 13 to 65+ Depending on what your business is, individuals under the age of 18 arent going to need to see your content. With  Age you can select which age range you want your audience to be. At , we select ages 25-45 because we believe those are the ages of people most likely to use content marketing editorial software. Use Case: 21+ Events Are you hosting an event thats being catered with food and alcohol? Events that are strictly for individuals who are over the age of 21 are extremely popular because of the drinking age. Because of this, people under the age of 21 do not need to see posts promoting 21+ events. With Facebook Targeting from , you can hand-pick ages 21 and over. This way you are promoting to the people you want to attend your event, and not promoting to those that wont. 2. Gender Within the  Gender category, you can select  All, Male,  or  Female. Use Case: Promotions To make your posts feel more personable, you can target specifically to men or women. This becomes especially important during holidays. For example, a flower shop could create a post targeted towards men with the caption, Valentines Day is coming up. Did you remember to get her flowers? This approach makes the reader feel like it was directed towards them. Take a look at this Facebook  post directed towards women: Take this approach with anything that you are promoting. You  could create two different posts with the same graphic, but write one  message targeted towards men and one targeted towards women to make it feel more personable. 3. Relationship Status Within the  Relationship category, there are several options to choose from including  Single, In a relationship,  and  Married.   Use Case 1: Wedding Content For instance, a bridal gown shop could target their posts towards people that are engaged or in a relationship. Along with photographers who are trying to promote their business or specials such as this Facebook post: Use Case 2: Giveaways Facebook contests and giveaways are becoming increasingly popular. To make sure youre giving something away to someone who is generally interested, you can use Facebook Targeting. Cruise ships and resorts can use Facebook Targeting towards couples who are married for anniversary trip giveaways. If youre not familiar with how Facebook contests and giveaways work, ThriveHive put together a guide to help you get started. 4. Interested In Within the  Interested In  category, you can select  All, Men,  or  Women. Use Case: Dating Apps Mixer events and dating apps  can use Facebook Targeting to create posts with images directed towards people interested in men or women to  make the post more personable. Along with sharing posts that are directly related to being single, in a relationship, etc. This example ad could be targeted towards single women: 5. Location Within the  Location category, you can type in the city, state, or region. You are able to select many locations of your choosing. Use Case 1: Local Promotions If youre having an event or promotion thats specific to a certain city, then you can use Facebook Targeting to only target people that live in the city where the event or promotion is happening. You are less likely to upset audience members who do not live in this location who will not receive the discount/promotion. Lets say your store or business location in a specific city is having a marathon in town. You can create a Facebook post saying, Everyone who participated in the marathon this week will receive 30% off their purchase! This discount will only work for people living in  that  city. The same goes for events. Maybe your company is hosting a benefit dinner in a specific town. You can define your audience by targeting people living in  that  town for higher attendance rate. Use Case 2: Holidays You can also target to specific countries. For example, holidays are different in every country. If you are a business located in the United States and you want to create a 4th of July post, then you can target audience members only located in the United States. If you are a business located in Canada and you want to create a National Boxing Day post, then you can target audience members only located in Canada. 6. Language Within the  Language  category, you can type in the desired language(s) you wish to reach. Use Case: Customer Service If you are a business that creates content and posts in a certain language, then you can use Facebook Targeting to target that specific language.  If your business has a a product or service that is exclusively in English then you can target your posts to the English language. Here at we have a customer success team who responds to our customers in English. Because of this, we try to direct most of our posts to English-speaking countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom. 7. Education Level Within the  Education Level  category, there are several options such as  Bachelors Degree, High school grad,  and  Alum.   Depending on what type of content you produce, you may need an audience with a higher education level. If you are selling a in-depth product or service, its best to target to high school and college graduates.  If a company’s main customer base typically has a certain level of education, that might help them narrow their post’s targeting. Use Case 1: College Discounts With a college ID, the discounts are endless. If your business has a college discount program, you can promote to audience members that have graduated high school and are now in college. This way audience members that dont have a college ID wont be annoyed by seeing these posts. Use Case 2: College Recruitment Colleges can use  Facebook targeting to help enroll students in their university. Targeting to kids who are in high school, recent grads, or even adults who have been out of school for a while but want to continue their education can be targeted. This not only helps colleges increase their enrollment, but also helps those wanting to further their education the chance at their fingertips. 8. College Graduation Years Within the College Graduation Years category, you can type in X amount of years an individual has been out of college. Use Case: Graduation Year Promotions The purpose of Facebook Targeting is to make an audience member reading the Facebook post to feel like it was specialized for them. College graduation years are a good way of specifically targeting your audience members. For example a realtor company can create a post stating, Its been 5 years since you graduated college. Dont you think its time to buy a house? This way the reader will think it was created just for them and theyll think Wow, I DID graduate 5 years ago. I really need to buy a house! 9. Interests Within the  Interests  category, you can type in different interests you want to reach. The possibilities of interests are endless. Use Case: Targeting People With Any and Every Interest Im not kidding when I say the possibilities  are endless when it comes to targeting interests. For example a car company can target their body kit by targeting people that are interested in cars and do it yourself projects. 10. Restrictions Finally, there are some options for Audience Restrictions. Here you can select which  Age, Location, and  Language  you want to restrict. You can mix and match any of these categories to create the ultimate audience for your post. If you want a 25-year-old English speaking man that lives in the United States (who also happens to be interested in do-it-yourself car kits) then you can do just that with Facebook Targeting!

Drama Essay ( literture ) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Drama ( literture ) - Essay Example The blood and tears of the family goes even deeper into the grain of the piano as the father was then requested to carve the image of the missing pair into the wood of the piano as a means of placating a disconsolate white mistress who missed her favorite slave. When the slave family finally stole the piano back from the white masters, one was killed in the process, adding more blood to the instrument as his wife spent the rest of her life adding more tears. Through this long history, the piano has come to stand as a symbol of the family, but the interpretations of just what that means differ between the various family members. As they struggle against each other, both brother and sister reveal a deep reverence and close family connection with the piano but are forced, in confronting the opposition, to come to an even deeper understanding of the piano’s connection within their lives. Berniece is in possession of the piano at the beginning of the play. Although she never plays it, she has been teaching her daughter to play by reading sheet music, as the white people do, and withholding the family’s history with the instrument from the child. According to Maretha, her mother’s explanation for the carvings is simple enough, â€Å"She say it just always been like that since she got it† (22). Meanwhile, Maretha remains unfamiliar with the boogie woogie her great-uncle plays for her and insists music cannot be made without the paper to tell her the right notes to play. Berniece’s plans for her daughter are continually stated as having her grow up to become a teacher and have little or nothing to do with the kind of life they’re living now. Although Berniece obviously associates the piano with the spiritual heart of her family, â€Å"Mama Ola polished this piano with her tears for seventeen years. For seventeen years she rubbed on it till her hands bled. Then she rubbed the blood in †¦ mixed it up with the rest of the blood in it†

Business - Gender Discrimination Speech or Presentation

Business - Gender Discrimination - Speech or Presentation Example Previous court rulings declare that, one of the responsibilities of a company is not to discriminate people against their sex. This indication is a determinant showing that discrimination begins even before the hiring process starts. As such, in this speech, I will seek to develop a persuasive argument showing the importance of addressing the issue of gender discrimination in work places. To begin with, the gap of gender at work place is still an impeding issue according to a new research on gender roles conducted by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Fact finding results reveal that women who work for 44 hours in a week earn 84.6 percent of total earnings of a man working for same hours (Stein, 2008:31). Worse still, the same statistics cites that, women who work for over 60 hours in week have earnings amounting to 78.3 percent of what men who are categorically in the same timeline earn. Additionally, it is agreeable that, sexual discrimination is a problem that affects education, e mployment, public institution, and domestic life (Lindgren, 2010:44). Even though today, women encounter minimal economic and social barriers as opposed to olden days, gender discrimination is still a major problem in many working places (Wrigley, 2008:7). With reference to a report brought forward by the Institute for Women’s Policy Research, women who worked full time earned only 77 cents for every single dollar that a man earned in 2009 (Reeves, 2010:57). According to the US report on female worker, in spite of the fact that women comprise of the largest percentage of workforce in most organizations in the world, they commonly access employment positions in the traditional female fields which include nursing, secretarial work, and elementary school teaching. It is therefore congruent for us to address the vagaries brought about by gender or sexual discrimination in our working organizations (Stein, 2008:49). Studies assert that, in most working places today, there are many instances of sexual discrimination against women. Despite the fact that court rulings set forth that it is possible to hold a company liable for discriminating people due to their sexes, pre employment screening tests portray discriminatory cases at large margins. Company discriminatory cases of gender occur in incidences of hiring where the firm sets or asks unacceptable questions that discriminate against sex (Reeves, 2010:69). The application process designs bogus pre employment tests that screen for sex making the overall hiring process bias and unfair. For a long time, the court upholds scenarios where a man receives an employment opportunity over a woman with a slight margin of qualification (Stein, 2008:63). This drastic difference in qualification has been around for a long time and according to analysts, it is a sure sign of discrimination. A better understanding of how sexual discrimination works reflects cases where a man who dropped out of high school gets an administra tive post over a woman who has a master’s degree (Gregory, 2003:19). In this case, sexual discrimination is the ultimate factor depicting gender bias. Apart from gender discrimination gender discrimination during the hiring process, our working places today faces another form of sexual discrimination called sexual harassment (Lindgren, 2010:58). In this form of discrimination, some

Historical Interview on Nigerian Fashion Essay Example for Free

Historical Interview on Nigerian Fashion Essay In line with my background, I found it imperative to carry out this interview in Africa. This was made possible via Skype, as my granddad and mum had a 2 hours session with me on this topic, â€Å"How clothing was obtained in our family during their time and their sense of costume while they were still champions in the village. Other relative questions they attempted to answer in this interview are the nature of clothing production during their time, and how they had influenced their style of dressing. The interview was divided into two parts as clearly indicated above. The first questions were answered by granddad, while the later questions were answered by my grand mum. The era in focus is before colonization. It was an era commonly tagged the ‘pre-colonial’. Nigeria at this time had a very unique sense of costume, basically defined by the resources found within the African environment. They made do with what they had as there was no serious western or colonial influence. FIRST PART INTERVIEW WITH GRANDDAD This interview was conducted with my grandfather who joined me on Skype last night. My granddad is at his late 90, and had experienced different eras in Nigeria. With his wealth of experience as one of the few enlightened African man at his age, he comfortably took me on a ride to the past. In this interview, M represents the interviewer, and D represents the respondent M: What is your general view about African fashion? D: well, African Fashion is unique, decent and special. African fashion communicates in different ways. If you see a king in Africa, you wouldn’t want to ask questions before you you accept that he is a king. The royalty is often defined by their costumes. This is also applicable to native doctors, magicians and soothsayers. African fashion and costumes are original, only that lately, there has been an infiltration of western culture which seems to have adulterated the originality of our costumes, and the era of Obente, skin shoes, skin bags and cloths are beginning to go into extinction. M: Would you have preferred to go with the older costumes as against what’s trending now? D: I still wear traditionally made cloths even up till today. I’m a title holder of my community, and this position is often defined by one’s adherence to African values. I see Costumes as one of those values we must not discard. M: Can you succinctly tell me how clothing was obtained in those? D: Well, in those days, men would usually have little to cover their lower region while the women had a piece for their upper region and another for their lower region. Cloths were mainly gotten from animal skin and sometimes fibres made from trees. Usually, most of us made these cloths by ourselves, and sometimes we buy them. The means of obtaining them could as well differ, depending on who is involved. Then, we used to have trade by barter. Because I was enlightened and had government job, we would buy our cloths with some kind of money called Anderi; then, there was no naira and kobo. We were also engaged in trade by barter with some of the things we had. For instance if I needed a piece of skin to make my shoes or cloth, I would put up my yam or oil for sale. Most of the time, cloths were bought during festive period, like the New yam festival and the Akatakpa festival. Ordinarily, people find it difficult looking for what to buy as fashion was really not the priority as a then. The wealthy ones as of that time wore more beautiful deigns on their animal skin or bark cloth adorned with several accessories. It was always the influential families looked more adorned. M: Were you engaged in the actual buying and selling of cloths? Have you ever gone to the market looking for cloths? D: Like I said earlier, the African man in those days could wear just one piece of skin for days, so the issue of going to the market was really not there. These skins were locally made. The only time we started going to our local markets to buy cloths was when cloths were imported into Africa by the Portuguese and Britain. It was after then, that we began to wear what we have today as cloths, even though it had very low patronage as at then. M: Thank you dad: D: Thank you my daughter and face your studies squarely. SECOND PART INTERVIEW WITH GRAND MUM This interview was also conducted via the same medium (Skype) Here, ‘MM’ will represent the respondent while the interviewer’s remains M’ M: How was clothing made when you were growing up? MM: Clothing was usually made from animal’s skins and back of trees. This means that livestock and economic threes as well as other threes in the forest were sources of clothing. For the making of animal skin, the fur or hair would be shaved clean and compressed to soften, and then it would be tanned. This process unstiffens the hide, which becomes natural leather. After this leather is produced, it is either decorated with shapes and outlines, shells, beads or left plain, this could be as a result of choice of who it’s been made for. Leather clothing could be simple to make as it takes few days to be made. Bark cloth on the other hand was made by peeling off the inner bark of trees, after that is done; it is beaten until it becomes soft. Bark cloth was fashioned into skirts and robes long enough to float around. Then, we would use the fig tree for making bark cloth. Patterned bark cloth garments were made from the different colored bark of various trees, which were combined to create designs, in addition, the bark cloth was always painted for aesthetic purpose. At a point, we went into Batik cloth, which has been important to many African women. Here, pattern is applied to fabric to make it look beautiful. It is resist-dyeing method involving coating fabric with a dye-resistant substance and dipping the fabric into colored dye. I could recall how we used to make the dye-resistant substance from cassava root or rice flour and the chemicals called alum. The substance is boiled with water to make paste out of it for various designs. Once the paste is dry, the fabric is dipped into dye in large clay pots or pits. At the end of the day, a beautiful African fabric is made. M: How has this kind of cloth making influence your style of fashion in those days? MM: It depends on what you mean by style of fashion though. We have had very good sense of costume in those days. All our locally made shoes and bags must always have a touch of the design on our batik. The Batik design was usually seen as the type of clothing that must not be worn by men, because of the beautiful designs. Additionally, because the African woman, or better still, the Nigerian woman applies a lot of facial makeup, which she called ‘Uri’, she would always patronize Batiks that were beautifully designed. M: So when was considered the most appropriate time to wear Batik? MM: Anytime, but mostly during special events. In those days, if you wanted a man to respect you, then you must go with very well designed Batik.

Marjane Satrapis Persepolis Essay -- Marjane Satrapis Persepolis

In the 1970's a great power struggle began in Iran, leading to a profusion of civil unrest and mass emigration. In 1941 Iranian monarch Reza Shah, was removed from power by the United States and replaced by his son, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who Westernized the highly conservative and religious nation. He continued implementing the Westernized laws set by his father, which were known to "discouraged democratic political expression in the public sphere" and condemned Islamic fundamentalism (Khosrokhavar 3). The largely conservative citizens of Iran protested the alterations in multiple movements in response to the westernization, financial failures, and perceived belief that the Shah was being controlled by Western powers for control over Iran's vast oil supply. January of 1979, the Shah went into exile in Egypt and the devoted Muslim leader Ayatollah Khomeini assumed power, reinstalling the strict, Islamic law; "The Constitution allows all laws to be revised [...] by an Assembly of Expert, which is dominated by conservative clergymen" (Khatami 122) . In 1980, Iraqi troops invaded Iran in hopes of capturing the oil- rich country amidst the Revolutionary turmoil, further contributing to Iranian emigration to European countries. The Iran Iraq War continued until 1988. The mass exodus resulted in the "forced dispersal, immigration, displacement and establishment of reconfigured transnational communities", now known as the Iranian diaspora (Agnew 19).Such abrupt uprooting of a citizen's identity and physical connection to their homeland leads to a conflicting sense of identity and belonging in individuals who are involved in the sudden transition. As a member of the Iranian diaspora, Marjane Satrapi endured many h... ...2010. N. pag. Print.Parsa, Misagh. Social Origins of the Iranian Revolution. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1989. Print. Safizadeh, Fereydoun, Persis M. Karim, and Mohammad M. Khorrami. A World Between: Poems, Short Stories, and Essays by Iranian Americans. New York: George Braziller, 1999. Print. Satrapi, Marjane. "On Writing Persepolis.†." Pantheon Graphic Novels 1 (2005). Satrapi, Marjane, and Marjane Satrapi. The Complete Persepolis. New York: Pantheon, 2007. Print. Salehi, M. M. Insurgency through Culture and Religion: The Islamic Revolution of Iran. New York: Praeger, 1988. Print. Diaz 13 Shavarini, Mitra K. Desert Roots: Journey of an Iranian Immigrant Family. El Paso, TX: LFB Scholarly Pub., 2012. Print. Talebi, Shahla, and SuÌ„daÌ„bah ArdavaÌ„n. Ghosts of Revolution: Rekindled Memories of Imprisonment in Iran. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 2011. Print.

Demand chain management Essay

1.Introduction Purpose of this assignment is to analyse the case study of the Dell Inc, relating to the seven questions asked on the case study. Objective of the case study analysis is to get a deeper understanding of the Global production, outsourcing and logistics. 2.Company overview Dell is a global information technology company that offers its customers a broad range of solutions and services delivered directly by Dell and through other distribution channels. Their focused is to provide technology solutions that are more efficient, more accessible, and easier to manage. Dell Inc. is a holding company that conducts its business worldwide through its subsidiaries. Their global corporate headquarters is located in Round Rock, Texas. In terms of the PC manufacturing market, DELL is at number 3 position (Behind HP & Lenovo) with annual revenue of USD 62,071 Million. They made a net profit of USD 3,492 Million for the year 2012, which would translate to a net profit margin of 5.6%. Dell focuses on 4 main market target segments. SegmentRevenue percentage Large Enterprises30% Public 27% Small & medium business 24% Consumers 19% Table 2.1 – Dell Inc’s marketing segments The product portfolio of Dell consists of selling Servers, Networking, Storage, Outsourced services, Project Management, Support & deployment services, Infrastructure, Cloud, Security services, Applications, Business Process services, Client devices: notebooks, workstations, tablets, smartphones, and desktop PCs For the purpose of the case study, the focus will be on the products & distribution of personal computers. 3.Case study questions 3.1.1.What are the advantages to DELL of having manufacturing sites located where they are? A company once decided to place their productions overseas, must make a decision to whether to centralize their production or to de-centralize it over different countries. A company will look at 3 areas in making this decision. †¢Country factors oPolitical oEconomical oCultural oFactor Costs oLocation Externalities : Skilled labour technology oTrade barriers oTransport cost oFDI rules & regulations oExpected exchange rate stability †¢Technological factors oFixed cost oMinimum Efficient Scale oFlexible manufacturing/Mass customization †¢Product Factors oValue-to-Weight Ratio oServes Universal needs(Hill, 2011) Dell Inc which have a product with lower fixed cost of manufacturing, lower minimum efficient scale and with low requirement for mass customization or flexible manufacturing will opt in for decentralization. Also considering the product factors, Dell has a product which has a lower Value-to-weight ratio and a product which needs to be customized to each market, which indicates the requirement for the De-centralized strategy. Decentralize/Centralize decision will be influenced by the company’s own objectives. Dell specify their objectives as †¢Generating cost efficiencies, †¢Delivering products faster, †¢Better serving their customers †¢Building a world-class supply chain.(Annual Report, 2012) In order to cater to these objectives and support product factors and technology factors, Dellhas taken the decision to De-centralize. Once the decision to decentralize has been taken, they will go ahead with selecting the countries where they will try to exploit the country factors listed above to their advantage. Current locations where Dell has their production facilities are as follows: †¢Austin, Texas; †¢Penang, Malaysia; †¢Xiamen, China; †¢Hortolà ¢ndia, Brazil; †¢Chennai, India; †¢Lodz, Poland. Advantages exploited from each of these locations can be listed as below 3.1.1.1.Market Access – Generating cost efficiencies, Delivering products faster, Dell main objective is to deliver products faster while generating cost efficiencies. The growth countries and regions that they have highlighted are BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China). The strategy they have used is to keep best possible market access these strategic regions. Analysing the location they have selected following advantages can be seen. †¢Texas is central to all of the U.S; †¢Malaysia is central to the huge Asia-Pacific region. †¢Lodz Poland close to the big markets of the UK, Germany, and France. †¢Brazil, India and China plants are set up to reach the respective markets quickly 3.1.1.2.Labor costs and quality: †¢China is a low cost manufacturing location †¢Texas is cheaper than Silicon Valley †¢Malaysia is cheaper than Singapore †¢The quality of labor is high in each of these locations as well. Besides having well-educated workers, engineers and technicians, each location has little or no labor union activity. †¢They have also ignored industry clusters such as Sao Paulo (Brazil) and Shenzhen (China) to ensure that labour markets are not tight and expensive. 3.1.1.3.Transportation and telecommunications infrastructure: †¢The Texas locations, for instance, are in close proximity to major highways and to a major Federal Express distribution center. †¢Telecommunications bandwidth, cost, and quality are also factors, especially for call centers and data centers. 3.1.1.4.Government incentives: †¢Major incentives were offered by Texas †¢financial incentives were offered in Brazil by the state government †¢Tax holidays in Malaysia 3.1.2.What are the potential disadvantages of the locations? Political turmoil Political stability is a requirement for a production location. Countries such as Brazil may be affected by unstable political situations. If shutdown, a Whole region will be effected Economical Instability Operations may be effected from economical stability of its countries, especially European region with the current EURO debt crisis. E.g DELL had to close down it Ireland manufacturing arm in 2011, after laying off 2000 employees. Expiration of Government concessions One of the key reasons to locate the production facilities where they are is due to concessions offered by government. Most government concessions will be expired after a particular period, after which operations might be unfavourable. (e.g Texas, china, Malaysian operations). In such situation net expenditure may drastically rise, making financially unfeasible. Why does Dell purchase most of the components that go into its PC market from independent suppliers as opposed to making more itself (Dell does little more than final assembly of components into PC)? Dell purchases many of their products and all of their components from third party vendors. Main reasons for Dell purchasing them from independent suppliers are; 1.Reduce the risk of having large inventories, which can become obsolete quite quickly – In the IT industry generally new products are introduced to the market very rapidly. Therefore exsising products can become obsolete quite rapidly, with the introduction of new products into the market by competitors. 2.Reduce the inventory holding cost- Inventory holding cost includes cost such as warehousing and logistic cost, insurance cost, spoilage and breakage cost etc. However since Dell carries extremely lower level of inventories their inventory holding cost have been reduced to a grater extent. Majority (95%) of Dell’s supplier’s located at closer to the Dell’s factory and most of these suppliers have to supply the products to Dell within 90 minutes after placing the order. This has also helped Dell to reduce their inventory to a greater extent and has enable Dell to practice Just In Time (JIT) manufacturing. 3.Reduce the cost of co-ordination compared to vertical integration – As Dell does not have its own factories, they are not incurring any expenditure by way of establishment expenses, administrative expenditure etc, which generally carries relatively large amounts. Also Dell has been able to reduce the cost of controlling and cost of coordination to a greater extent which otherwise would have to be incurred, if they have been vertically integrated. 4.Obtain flexibility in terms of cost, quality, quantity, delivery, capacity, support etc, as they are purchasing items from several different suppliers depending on the requirement and circumstances. Dell openly shares its daily production schedules, sales forecasts, and new-model introduction plans with vendors using Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)’s. Dell’s forecast of supply is normally 75% accurate and if in case it is wrong, â€Å"Demand Shaping† is done to overcome the situation. 5.Reduce the cost – Dell purchases 75% of their purchases from 30 main suppliers (15% of their suppliers), and generally maintains several single-source or limited-source supplier relationships, either because multiple sources are not readily available or because the relationships are advantageous to us due to performance, quality, support, delivery, capacity, price etc. Majority of these suppliers are from Asian countries that have relatively lower labor cost and this has been helped to reduce Dell’s cost to greater extent. Also due to the large volumes that are purchased, their is high bargaining power over their suppliers which has resulted in Dell obtaining vendor rebates and discounts which too have resulted in Dell reducing the cost to a greater extent. 6.Reduce time to market compared to competitors – Time taken to release a new product to market is a critical success factor in IT industry. Since Dell is purchasing most of their components independent suppliers, Dell is able to introduce new products to the market as and when new components are introduced by suppliers. As a result of Dell’s effective supply chain management, they don’t have any warehouse and also their factories have only 72 hours worth of inventory. Also cash conversion cycle (time between an outlay of cash for parts and collection of payments) of Dell is negative 36, where as in industry it is 30 days. Also their inventory turnover has remained around 107 times where as in companies such as IBM it is 17.5 times. What are the consequences for Dells cost structure and profitability of replacing inventories with information? In year 2004, Dell has been able to achieve the lowest inventory levels in the industry that was only three days of inventory on hand, compared to 30, 45, or even 90 days’ worth at competitors. This was a critical advantage in the computer inventory, where component costs account for 75 percent of revenues and typically fall by 1 percent per week due to rapid obsolescence. Replacing inventory with information has contributed greatly to Dell’s business model; it is the cornerstone of their cost structure. Reducing inventory also reduces the need for working capital thus replacing inventory with information boosts profitability. Another aspect of dell’s customer focus was build to order philosophy. Every dell pc has been built this way unlike many other companies who build for sales forecasts. To offer build to order system, companies must have cell manufacturing – team of workers who build each PC from start to finish rather than a typical assembly line production. Cell manufacturing in which one group of people is responsible for building a pc. Among other things cell manufacturing allows you to build to order in an efficient way. Dells original inspiration was to go direct but that only got it off the ground. Dell has made crucial innovations in its business model as it has grown these successive innovations have made it prosper not its adherence to a single rigid idea standards based technology as a point of market entry is one of those crucial points. Then dell began to implement a new model. Its operations had always featured a build to order process with direct sales to customers but dell took a series of ingenious steps to eliminate its inventories. Three golden rules of dell are disdain inventory, listen to the customer, never sell indirect. Note that disdaining inventory was number one. Because of computers and the way they handle information zero or near zero inventory control is going to be a major business factor in the coming years and dell lead the way. Inventory is a drag on any business and particularly pure internet based businesses need no inventory on hand. Inventory means capital investments and that investment is a formidable challenge to any start up. Further holding considerable amount of inventory in a business increase the overall debt position of firms and force them to incur massive amount of interest cost. The strategy to minimize inventory is the only way to maintain start up cost and interest cost at an acceptable level. In the short run it will permit more start-ups because smart companies with tiny inventories come online with minimal capital investment and Dell’s strategy of direct sale through online was a good example for the above. Dell actually funds its operations in large part by maintaining zero inventory. It bills customers immediately but pays suppliers 36 to 45 days later. So it can flat an enormous amount of cash on which it earns a significant amount of additional interest. Besides reducing and reversing capital investment, zero inventory means that stock depreciation and obsolete a central concern in high tech is almost on problem. Maintaining zero inventory naturally keeps a company more agile. In fact true zero inventory keeps a company on the knife’s edge of responsiveness which is where dell likes to be. Dell’s model demand comes first supply second. †¢Cost Structure 1.Inventory acquisition and holding cost 2.Interest cost 3.Re-work cost 4.Obsolete inventory written off †¢Profitability 1.Gross profit and net profit margin 2.Higher return on investment 3.Interest cover 4.Higher EBIT margin Question 6 What is the source of Dell’s competitive advantage? A competitive advantage is an advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers greater value, either by means of lower prices or by providing greater benefits and services that justifies higher prices. Michael Porter suggests that accompany can adopt one of the three strategies: Differentiation, cost leadership, or focus in finding its competitive edge. Dell mass produce its components to keep the cost minimum, while postponing the assembly of the computers till the customer final orders are received. The model enabled Dell to gain competitive advantage ahead of competition with â€Å"Low cost structure and customer experience†. Dell’s global business model which is admired by world-over has positions its production plants close their key markets in order to reduce shipping and transport costs and access to labour markets on low wages and with high productivity. The JIT inventory enabled Dell to reduce heavy investments on large inventories and warehousing. Short channel length and optimized supply chain process reduces cost of doing business further internet sales which generates major revenue inflow is an low cost sales channel helped Dell immensely in gaining cost leadership in the industry. Dell offer customers unique experience with its responsiveness through assembled-to-order, speed and convenient purchasing cycle online. How secure is this advantage ? Dell’s practical and economical model combining mass production and customization is a key strength which is well executed by effective integration of business plans aligned with supply chain resources. Evolvement of lean supply chain can give Dell with its drive for innovation to capitalize heavily and come up with better business model enhancing value proposition to the customer. Similarly fast-paced technological developments too will be opportunities for Dell to enhance their competitive advantage. Internet sales channel can further expanded with Brazil and China consisting of one of the largest internet populations of the world. Product life cycle of PC market is at maturity stage and global trend is consumers are demanding for more convenient devices. Treats from low cost new entrants and rivalry among competitors make Dell, more reputed and admired organization to stand tall. Pressure from USA on China on exchange rate, China and Brazil growth as a middle income nation can impact the low cost labour and competitiveness of the product. Lack of culture driving innovation in countries they operate limits options for Dell to move value added services to lost cost labour countries like how HP has moved its design and R/D centre to Singapore. Anti-globalization ideology of China could impact Dells business future. For reputed organization like Dell, Green SC, ethics and CSR will require additional investments will increase their cost structures. In conclusion, we are of the view that considering above situation, Dell’s competitive advantage is not secure and could impact their current advantages. 07. What are the potential risks associated with Dell’s global supply chain strategy? How can these risks be mitigated? Supply chain risk can be defined as follows: â€Å"Unforeseen events that might interrupt the smooth flow of materials.† (Waters, 2008) Unlike local or company-specific risks, system-wide risks are those which significantly disrupt supply chains across multiple operations and a wide geographic area. Systemic risks are created or magnified by the way supply chain systems are configured. So they are not easily resolved by individual acts. In today’s globalized and interconnected world, any major disruption; from a disease to a fire, has the potential to cascade through supply chains and permeate other systems. According to the research of consulting firm Accenture in 2006, over 50% of executives surveyed felt that the risk of supply chains had increased as a result of their globalization of business operations & also significant supply chain disruptions have been found to cut the share price of impacted companies by 7% on average. Further Accenture research done in 2012 indicates that more than 80% of companies are now concerned about supply chain resilience. The World Economic Forum in 2012 conducted a detailed survey on Supply Chain Risk across Europe, North America and Asia via the World Economic Forum’s Supply Chain Risk Radar. The aim was to understand how the risk landscape varied across the three regions and compared with the top five global risks from 2011. Survey respondents considered global risks and their potential to cause system-wide disruptions in global supply chains. According to the survey the following top five disruption figures in 2012 were identified: What risks is Dell exposed to through its supply chain †¢Government Regulations / Legal decisions †¢ Currency / Interest rate volatility †¢ Country Financial Risks †¢ Political & Social Disruptions †¢ Corporate Governance issues †¢ Disruption of key supplier / partner †¢ Theft of intellectual property †¢ Natural disasters Risk Why Dell is exposedMitigates Government Regulations / Legal decisions 50% of the major suppliers are in Asia (Developing countries) Close study on the changes in regulations & the political situation of the countries invested in and limit expansion if the conditions are adverse Currency / Interest rate volatility 200 suppliers of which 50% located outside USA Supply on determined fixed prices for a specific period of time Forward exchange rate contracts Theft of intellectual property 85% of the sales are done through the internet Depend on a resilient core network, appropriate communication tools, and an element of redundancy. 34 This requires IT systems that are scalable, secure and re-routable Natural DisastersMany suppliers & factories Adequate insurance protections World Economic Forum, Building Resilience in Supply Chains January 2012 Conclusion Dell’s effective supply chain management has enabled them to reduce their cost to a greater extent, which has in turn helped them to improve its international competitiveness. Also effective supply chain management has enabled them to increase the value creation to the customer by providing a faster and better service to the customer. When determining the production locations, consideration must be given to country factors, technological factors and product factors prior to finalizing the decision. Strategiclocations of Dell’s production facilities have helped them to minimize cost, improve product quality and enabling better delivery channels. Furthermore Dell’s strategy to purchase components from independent suppliers has facilitates strategic flexibility and helps the company to avoid the problems and costs associated with vertical integration. However unlike locally operated companies, global operatorslike Dell, has system-wide risks which could significantly disrupt supply chains across multiple operations and a wide geographic area other than the inherent company specific risks. In conclusion it is important that global companies like Dell should continue to mitigate these risks and achieving a better supply chain management through close alliances with suppliers and customers in striving for long term business competitiveness.

Poverty in Mexico Essay

The purpose of this report is to show that poverty in Mexico is a social problem which not only speaks as an economic problem , but from this, many other problems arise, such as migration and this affect the ethics and morals of other countries, such as ours that is so close to this problem. To understand this, we must first identify some of the most important factors that cause it, and by the hand , the consequences they themselves have . Inequality in Mexico is considered one of the big reasons for the poverty grow every day , where discrimination is directly reflected . In addition, in this country they have an exaggerated population growth , where four out of ten Mexicans are poor, according to the data reflected in the Mexican economy. Not being enough with this, we must include the consequences that this itself gives, such as violence, and with this we realize that ignorance in that country, becomes a negative result too of the deficiencies that mexican society has, ending all this in migration to other countries, such as united states. INEQUALITY IN SOCIETY In the past 25 years, real household income raised 1.7 % to 10% of the wealthiest Mexicans, but only 0.8 % for the poorest 10%. This is where we can prove that inequality in Mexico is undoubtedly a poverty country detonator, because it is much higher the percentage of poor than rich people. This is the result of a country where salaries for people in high command are very high, but for people in lower positions, as a worker, the pay is low even though they are people with fewer opportunities and more need. Faced with this, we need to be informed that Mexico is a country where discrimination is really practiced, against different population groups , either by age, cultural, ideological , and religious issues. Because of all these discriminations, old people, disabled people or just not sexually preferred gender people, live on a limited way, being unemployed , not  having the same opportunities for growth than others and being part of a society where poverty tend to get bigger. POPU LATION GROWTH IN AN UNPREPARED COUNTRY Between 2010 and 2013 the number of poor Mexicans increased in 500,000 people , from 52.8 million to 53.3 . This was because population growth in Mexico is high compared to what the government of the country can handle , causing â€Å"extreme poverty† , occurring when people have 3 or more social deprivations. With increase in population, there is more demand for services and, in the short term , need of work , and since Mexico is a country with more por people than the rich and middle class, the poor class is the one that grows the most, so increases become more and the government fails in covering them completely. The attention of the needs of a rapidly growing population becomes challenging for a country’s ability to manage its resources efficiently, and in Mexico since the resources are not enough for everyone, this just makes it even more complicated over time , for example, people living in rural areas, can not get access to potable water, electricity, food and ba sic needs to survive. RESPOND TO POVERTY Another aspect that is related to poverty , is violence , which occurs when people encounter obstacles to their personal and social development , which is why in addition to the factors that cause it , also the consequences of poverty affect the entire country. In September this year, the unemployment rate raised at 5.29 % according to INEGI, and because of this, the level of violence and crime in Mexico also increased . Although people can get a decent job , â€Å"sometimes it is not enough to cover our needs for living†, was the general answer in an interview made by the economist portal in the capital of the country, and poverty then starts to affect ethical and moral life, having the need to put by a side principles and having first the need to live well, or at least to live and this is where the country starts having more assaults, robberies , kidnappings and drug-related activities and illegal acts . In studies ,the highest rates of homicides and kidnappings occur in the poorest areas of the country. THE IGNORANCE IN PEOPLE Last but not least, there is a poverty that is not material, but it is one of the worst consequences of all , ignorance of the Mexican population. This problem is so big that it becomes at the same time the mos important proved fact that increased extreme poverty in the country. Ignorance is a result of the people in poverty that does not have enough resources to have studies and get a carrer, and because of this they have close doors to many job opportunities and growth. Government is aware that they need to invest more in education, to eradicate ignorance and by doing so, try to assure there will be less inequality and more social justice. However, in the country many times education is not the primary importance in people, and it is getting in the highest number of illiterate people , without any title study . â€Å"When someone knows rights and obligations, is able to be self efficient†, an study in poverty or ignorance declares. CONCLUSION As a conclusion, Mexican poverty is constantly growing not only because the factors that create it are really much more than we can come to perceive every day , such as discrimination, or inequality in jobs and opportunities, but also extends to a level of inequality based on race, religion and beliefs , making the moral of the country little , and this bringing violence, which is a result of the desperation of people in getting a prompt solution to their problems , an easy way to get money and an ignorant way to express their needs as human beings, and migration as the result of not getting what they need or what they expect to sruvive in their owm country, looking for ways of growth out there.† The poverty analysis should be focused on the possibilities for an individual to function, rather than the results you get from that performance † (Amartya Sen, 31). REFERENCES: C.Quesada (Agosto 2001) Amartya Sen y las mil caras de la pobreza. Recuperado de: http://www.iadb.org/idbamerica/spanish/jul01s/jul01s2.html Unicef (2010) Pobreza y Desigualdad. Recuperado de: http://www.unicef.org/mexico/spanish/17046.htm INEGI (20 Feb 2013) Estadà ­sticas de Pobreza en Mà ©xico. Recuperado de: http://www.inegi.org.mx/inegi/contenidos/espanol/prensa/Contenidos/estadisticas/2013/justicia0.pdf Yair Montes (1 Agosto,2013) El Economista, La situacià ³n actual de pobreza en Mà ©xico. Recuperado de: http://eleconomista.com.mx/columnas/agro-negocios/2013/08/01/situacion-actual  -pobreza-mexico Mario Luis Fuentes (Marzo 2013) Excelsior, Discriminacià ³n y pobreza siguen siendo grave problema. Recuperado de: http://www.excelsior.com.mx/nacional/2013/03/26/890852

Doom - Knee Deep in the Dead essays

Doom - Knee Deep in the Dead essays This story begins in Kefiristan which is in the northern extensions of the Karakoram range, right between Afghanistan and Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Where Fox Company is completing a mission when they see some hooded figures in the darkness around them. The leader of Fox Company ordered that they shoot them down because they are enemies, but Fly Taggart believes that they are just monks. The whole group argues over if they should shoot them or not. Eventually Fly runs up to the head marine and punches him in the face, making him fall to the ground. The shaded figures disappear behind the fog. Fly Taggart gets kicked off of Fox Company for hitting the commanding officer. He then is sent to from Earth to Mars as his punishment. While he was on Mars a distress signal was sent from Phobos (mars moon). Fly was sent on a transport with Fox Company to see what was the deal. When they landed on Phobos Fly was seperated from the rest of Fox Company, he had to stay with two security guards t ill further instructed. While he was being guarded by the two guards Fox Company radioed to the guards that they were under attack and that things were coming through the gate. Fly then knocks out the guards and takes their weapons and goes on a search to see what happened to them and to see if Arlene is still alright (his crush). On his journey he runs into a few things that were shooting at him, after he killed them he found out that they were zombies of some sort! Later he runs into more of these learning more about them by talking to them when they are incapacitated. Soon he finds out that all of the maps and radios are destroyed by something. Fly eventually finds the initials A.S. on a wall from what looks to be made out of crayon, along with these initials is an arrow. He believes that these markings are from Arlene because she was really into sci-fi movies and they watched one together, and this ...

How to Help Your Homeschooled Kid Find Friends

How to Help Your Homeschooled Kid Find Friends It can be difficult for homeschooled kids to forge new friendships Its not because the unsocialized homeschooler stereotypes  are true. Instead its often because homeschooled kids dont have the opportunity to be around the same group of kids on a regular basis like their public- and private-schooled peers do. Although homeschoolers arent isoloated from other kids, some dont have enough consistent contact with the same group of friends to allow time for friendships to grow. As homeschool parents, we may need to be more intentional in helping our children make new friends. How can you help  your homeschooler find friends? Maintain Current Friendships If you have a child who is transitioning from public school to homeschool, make an effort to maintain his current friendships (unless they are a contributing factor in your decision to homeschool). It can put a strain on friendships when the kids dont see  each other every day. Give your child opportunities to continue to nurture those relationships. The younger your child is,  the more effort the investment in these friendships may require on your part. Make sure you have the parents’ contact information, so that you can  arrange regular play dates. Invite the friend over for sleepovers or a movie night. Consider hosting holiday parties or game nights on weekends or after school hours so your new homeschooler can spend time with his old public school friends and new homeschool friends at the same time. Get Involved in the Homeschool Community It is important to maintain friendships for kids moving from public school to homeschool, but it’s also important to help them begin to make friends with other homeschooled kids. Having friends who homeschool means your child has someone who understands her day-to-day life and a buddy for homeschool group outings and play dates! Go to homeschool group events. Get to know the other parents so that it’s easier for your kids to stay in contact. This contact can be especially important for less-outgoing kids. They may find it difficult to connect in a large group setting and  need some one-on-one time to get to know potential friends. Try a homeschool co-op. Take part in activities that reflect your child’s interests to make it easier for him to get to know kids who share his interests. Consider activities such as a book club, LEGO club, or art class. Participate in Activities on a Regular Basis Although some  kids have a new â€Å"best friend† every time they leave the playground, true friendships take time to foster. Find activities that occur on a regular basis so that your child get to see the same group of kids regularly. Consider activities such as: Recreational league sports teamsClasses such as gymnastics, karate, art, or photographyCommunity theaterScouting Don’t overlook activities for adults (if it’s acceptable for children to attend) or activities in which your childs siblings are involved. For example a ladies Bible study or weekly moms meeting gives kids a chance to socialize. While the moms chat, kids can play, bond, and forge friendships. Its not uncommon for older or younger siblings to wait with their parent while one child attends a homeschool class or activity. The waiting siblings often forge friendships with the other kids waiting on their brother or sister. If its appropriate to do so, bring along some activities that encourage quiet group play, such as playing cards, Lego blocks, or board games. Make Use of Technology Live, online games and forums can be a great way for older homeschooled kids to make friends who share their interests or keep in touch with existing friends. Teens can chat with friends and meet new people while playing online video games. Many  homeschooled kids use apps such as Skype or FaceTime to chat face-to-face with friends each day. Certainly there are dangers associated with social media and online technology. Its crucial that parents monitory their childrens online activity. Parents should also teach their kids  basic safety protocol, such as never giving out their address or engaging in private messaging with people they dont know in person. Used carefully and with parental supervision, the Internet can be a fantastic tool for allowing homeschooled kids to connect with their friends more often than they might be able to do in person. One of the best things about homeschool friendships is that they tend to ​break age barriers. They are based on mutual interests and complementary personalities. Help your homeschooled child find  friends. Be intentional about providing opportunities for him to meet others through shared interests and experiences.

Assessment task 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Assessment task 2 - Essay Example iv. The outcome of the intervention is for better diagnosis which helps to set the appropriate treatment for the patient. The question that makes need of my research is whether performing of ECG test on patient arrival helps in better diagnosis compared to delayed ECG test on stroke’s patients ? PART II The method of searching online has been used as a resource for information. These are research healthcare databases such as Medline plus, U.S National Library of medicine. The reason to use this database is that it is a nursing database that you can search online and offer usually access a greater scope of information. The most nursing research and articles as well as journal are found mainly on this database. Medline plus is also a free access to the public. This provides a tool for nursing in finding the resources a given case study as it is in my research. I made my search on electronic databases as well as catalogues in finding the information that was to link the case stud y of ECG test on stroke and also give the appropriate information. I made use of a key word that was typed on Google search. The basic search method that was followed are; identifying the key concept to be searched, entering keyword into the Google search box , clicking on search then an appropriate database was evaluated based on information presented and the level of trust to the source of this information. On evaluation after comparison with other sources such as The Alan E. Lindsay, ECG Learning center in cyber space but felt Medline plus had more accurate information which met my search demand. Other sources that were identified and downloaded on this ECG test but gave sketchy information on it and hence Medline plus was taken as the best. PART III A stroke usually happens if the blood flow stops to some part of the brain. Causes of stroke When blood flow get stopped for long as few seconds and the brain does not get blood which carries with it oxygen then it can cause the cell s to die and this causes a permanent damage. Usually there are two types of stroke that are major. They include; ischemic and also hemorrhagic stroke. Ischemic stroke occurs at the time when blood vessel supplying blood to the brain gets blocked by a clot in blood. This usually happens in two ways: A clot forms in the artery which is very narrow (thrombotic stroke),a clot breaks off right from any place of blood vessels that are in the brain or from other parts of the body and then travels to the brain(cerebral embolism or the embolic stroke). Ischemic strokes can be caused by clogging of arteries. Some Fat and cholesterol usually collect on the walls of arteries and forms sticky substance known as plaque. Hemorrhagic stroke usually occurs if the blood vessel on brain part is weak and bursts thereby causes blood leak to the brain. Some people may have defects that are in blood vessels and in the brain making this likely to happen (Latchaw 2009). STROKE RISK FACTORS High blood pressu re is a high risk for strokes followed by the others such as; Atrial fibrillation, Diabetes, Family history on stroke, High cholesterol, age(especially in age 55 and above) and race such as black people who are more prone to dying of a stroke. People with heart disease and also poor blood flow from

Marketing practices in Kuwait vs. the USA Assignment

Marketing practices in Kuwait vs. the USA - Assignment Example consumers have developed favorable attitudes towards the United States and the Kuwaiti firms have many marketing ideologies that are prevalent in the United States. The United States takes marketing segmentation as a critical marketing element to determine the consumers who are likely to seek for their products and services. Segmentations exist in various aspects such as geographically, demographically, by culture, or in relation to the benefits, which are demanded by customers. Kuwait also has segmented its market to reach the most desirable consumers. These segmentation strategies ensure that future promotions and integrated communication are available between the two countries. Kuwait simplifies the process of determining how to effectively promote a product while taking into consideration the consumers values, attitude and lifestyle. Psychographics seem to be of high relevance in the United States market as evident in the fast food chain. Positioning of a product is an important aspect for Kuwait and USA marketing strategies in order to gain competitive advantages and ensure higher revenue growth in sales of products and services. Both Kuwait and USA have taken advantage of the digital marketing activities in order to effectively promote their products and services particularly brand promotion. The advantage of doing this is that fact that it reduces dependency on external agents and allow the firms to market directly to the consumers of their goods and services at much less market based expenditures. The USA and Kuwait have formed platforms for common marketing practices in order to seek ways of justifying the quality of products as a means of expressing the benefits of the products to the consumers and the ethical stance associated with the brand and the businesses. The marketers from both the nations realize the importance of adding certification to their products and services as an illustration of compliance to the social expectations and inspections